年代分期

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大蕭條、二次世界大戰與冷戰 The Great Depression and the World War II (1919–1940)

「我們必須成為民主國家的兵工廠。」
— 法蘭克林羅斯福,國情咨文,一九四一年
“We must be the great arsenal of democracy.”
— President Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1941

對美國來說,二十世紀是一個充滿混亂與變動的時代。幾十年中,這個國家遭遇了史上最嚴重的經濟蕭條、而又在二次世界大戰與盟國重新脫穎而出,再次獲勝,並於世紀末戰爭冷戰中奠定了全球性的領導地位。歷經社會、經濟、政治種種轉型,儘管美國隨著時代前進逐漸調整腳步,幾十年之間,它也幾乎是重新塑造了自我。

For the United States, the 20th century was a period of extraordinary turmoil and change. In these decades, the nation endured the worst economic depression in its history; emerged triumphant, with the Allies, in World War II; assumed a role of global leadership in the century’s twilight conflict known as the Cold War; and underwent a remarkable social, economic, and political transition at home. Where once the United States transformed itself over the slow march of centuries, it now seemed to reinvent itself almost by decades.


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