主題分類
自由與平等 Freedom and equality
獨立宣言使美國得以存在。美國人團結在一起不是因為擁有共同血緣、種族或宗教，而是在獨立宣言中所闡揚那份對於自由與平等的致力。當亞伯拉罕林肯提倡一個「自由的新生」 ，他意識到此宣言是該被實現的承諾。
從最初激烈的獨立戰爭，到內戰和民權運動，對於自由與平等的追求一直都是美國歷史中的主軸。美國，無論是孤軍奮戰或與人共奮進，都因為共同致力於他們的原則而團結。 「描繪美國展」 使我們想起這份奉獻所激發的偉大犧牲，讓我們期待更偉大的平等到來的一天。
Our nation was brought into existence by the Declaration of Independence. We are bound together not by common ties of blood, race or religion, but by the commitment to freedom and equality expressed in that founding document. When Abraham Lincoln called for a “new birth of freedom”, he recognized that the Declaration was pledge that in part remained to be fulfilled.
From the first stirrings of the War for Independence through the Civil War and the Civil Rights Movement, the pursuit of freedom and equality has been the central aspect of our nations’ history. America whether standing alone or marching together, are united by their devotion to there principles. Picturing America calls to mind the great sacrifices this devotion has inspired, and the hope of greater equality yet to come.
[相關展品]
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9b. 美國總統亞伯罕林肯（ABRAHAM LINCOLN）by ALEX GARDNER, 1865
攝於1865年4月10日，照片。印刷與照片部門，國會圖書館，華盛頓特區。
Photographic print. Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.詩人惠特曼形容林肯總是懷著「隱隱的憂傷」。
What draws/holds our attention is Lincoln ’s expression, “a deep latent sadness” in Walt Whitman’s words.
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10a. 羅伯特古德蕭將軍與第五十四兵團紀念雕像（ROBERT SHAW MEMORIAL）by SAINT-GAUDENS, 1884
燈塔街與公園街，波士頓，麻州，西元1884年~1897年。銅，3.35 x 4.27公尺。照片由凱洛海史密斯提供。
Beacon and Park Streets, Boston, MA, 1884–1897. Bronze, 11 x 14 ft. (3.35 x 4.27 m.). Photograph courtesy of Carol M. Highsmith.波士頓公眾花園的蕭上校紀念碑描述了一個英勇、盪氣迴腸的故事 - 南北戰爭期間，北軍白人上校徵召第一支黑人部隊「五四梯隊」，進行一場明知不可而為之的光榮戰役。
The Shaw Memorial depicts a resonant, courageous act of the Civil War, in which the first regiment of African American soldiers recruited for the Union Army fought a doomed battle on a South Carolina fortress.
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17a. 黑人的遷徙系列第五十七幅（THE MIGRATION SERIES）by JACOB LAWRENCE, 1940
酪素蛋彩 (Casein tempera)‧硬紙板，45.72 x 30.48公分。1942年購入，飛利浦收藏系列，華盛頓特區。藝術品 © 雅各暨關朵琳勞倫斯夫婦基金會，西雅圖/藝術家權利協會，紐約。
Casein tempera on hardboard, 18 x 12 in. (45.72 x 30.48 cm.). Acquired 1942. The Phillips Collection, Washington, D.C. Art © 2008 The Jacob and Gwendolyn Lawrence Foundation, Seattle / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York.靈感來自西非遊唱傳統，描述非裔美人自南方「出走」的故事。
Inspired by the griots, the artist tells how African-American families “came up” from the South.
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19a. 言論自由，1943年週六晚報插畫（FREEDOM OF SPEECH）by NORMAN ROCKWELL, 1943
刊載於1943年2月20日。油彩‧畫布，116.205 x 90.170公分。諾曼洛克威爾藝術收藏信託，諾曼洛克威爾博物館，史塔克布里吉，麻州。
The Saturday Evening Post, February 20, 1943. Oil on canvas, 45 3/4 x 35 1/2 in. (116.205 x 90.170 cm.). The Norman Rockwell Art Collection Trust, from the permanent collection of the Norman Rockwell Museum, Stockbridge, Mass.小羅斯福總統的「四大自由」在諾曼洛克威爾畫筆下更具號召力。
Roosevelt’s four essential human freedoms failed to gain traction until Rockwell put them into portraits.
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19b. 1965年塞爾馬到蒙哥馬利投票權遊行（MARCH FOR VOTING RIGHTS）by JAMES KARALES, 1965
照片，收藏於詹姆斯卡拉列斯收藏系列，杜克大學稀有書籍、手抄本和特別收藏圖書館。
Photographic print. Located in the James Karales Collection, Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library, Duke University.兩萬多名群眾展開連續四天爭取投票權大遊行。此照傳達對自由的渴望，成為民權運動的時代見證，歷經半世紀依舊迴盪人心。
On March 25, 1965, 25,000 participants concluded a four-day, 54-mile march for voting rights in Alabama. Karales’s photograph illustrates how the desire for freedom is the shared heritage of all Americans. It also captures a timeless image from a fleeting moment - one that still haunts the American conscience.
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20b. 給布克華盛頓的階梯（LADDER FOR BOOKER T. WT）by MARTIN PURYEAR, 1996
木頭（梣木、槭木），1097.28 x 57.785公分，頂端縮至3.175 x 7.6 公分。沃斯堡現代美術館收藏，魯絲卡特史蒂文森交換致贈。
Wood (ash and maple), 432 x 22 3/4 in., narrowing at the top to 1 1/4 x 3 in. (1097.28 x 57.785.cm., narrowing to 3.175 x 7.6 cm.). Collection of the Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, Gift of Ruth Carter Stevenson, by Exchange.雅各天梯象徵進取、超越與救贖，猶如教育家布克華盛頓的一生。
The association of ladders with ambition, transcendence, salvation was a vital part of the educator’s life.
